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Fig: Classification of natural and synthetic fibers |
Textile fibers
are commonly counteracted into 2 main categories, natural and synthetic fibers
(Figure). All fibers that return from natural sources (animals, plants, etc.)
and don't need fiber formation or reformation are classed as natural fibers.
Natural fibers embrace the macro molecule fibers like wool and silk, the polyacrylamide fibers like cotton and linen, and also the mineral fiber
amphibole. Synthetic fibers area unit fibers within which either the essential
chemical units are shaped by chemical synthesis followed by fiber formation or
the polymers from natural sources are dissolved and regenerated when passage
through a spinneret to make fibers. Fibers created by chemical synthesis area
unit typically referred to as artificial fibers, whereas fibers regenerated
from natural polymer sources area unit referred to as regenerated fibers or
natural polymer fibers. In different words, all artificial fibers and
regenerated fibers area unit synthetic fibers, since man is concerned within
the actual fiber formation method. In distinction, fibers from natural sources
area unit provided naturally in ready-made type.
The artificial
synthetic fibers embrace the polyamides (nylon), polyesters, acrylics, and
polyamides. Figure shows a classification chart for the key fibers. Another
technique of classifying fibers is by chemical structure while not relevance
the origin of the fiber and its beginning materials. During this manner, all
fibers of comparable chemical structure area unit classed along. The natural
fiber classification given in Figure will this to an explicit extent. During
this method, all fibers having the essential cellulosic unit in their
structures area unit sorted along instead of separated into natural and
synthetic fibers. An overview for the arrangement of fibers by chemical
category follows:
•
Wool
•
Nylon 6 and nylon 6, 6
•
Polyester
•
Acrylic
•
Polyolefin
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